Dental calculus from a hominin molar from the Sima del Elefante site (Atapuerca, Burgos) shows evidence for plant use at 1.2 ma, including starchy carbohydrates from a species of grass from the Triticeae or Bromideae tribe that was eaten raw. There is no evidence for processing of the starch granules which are intact and undamaged. Additional evidence includes fragments of non-edible wood found adjacent to an interproximal groove suggesting oral hygiene activities.

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